In the Christian tradition of both east and west, the twelve days of Christmas refer to the period from Christmas Day to Theophany.

In the Christian tradition of both east and west, the twelve days of Christmas refer to the period from Christmas Day to Theophany. The days leading up to Christmas were for preparation; a practice affirmed in the Orthodox tradition by the Christmas fast that runs from November 15 to Christmas. The celebration of Christmas was reserved for these twelve days.